Contents

Part I—Preliminary 1

1............ Short title [see Note 1]....................................................................... 1

2............ Commencement [see Note 1].............................................................. 1

4............ Extension to external Territories......................................................... 1

5............ Exclusion of Imperial Copyright Act, 1911....................................... 1

6............ Repeal of Copyright Acts.................................................................. 1

7............ Act to bind the Crown........................................................................ 2

8............ Copyright not to subsist except by virtue of this Act....................... 2

8A......... Prerogative rights of the Crown in the nature of copyright................ 2

9............ Operation of other laws...................................................................... 2

9A......... Application of the Criminal Code...................................................... 3

Part II—Interpretation 4

10.......... Interpretation...................................................................................... 4

10AA.... Non‑infringing copy of a sound recording......................................... 21

10AB.... Non‑infringing copy of a computer program.................................... 22

10AC.... Non‑infringing copy of an electronic literary or music item............. 23

10AD.... Accessories to imported articles....................................................... 23

10A....... Declarations and notices relating to certain bodies and institutions. 24

11.......... Residence in a country not affected by temporary absence............. 25

12.......... References to Parliament.................................................................. 25

13.......... Acts comprised in copyright............................................................ 25

14.......... Acts done in relation to substantial part of work or other subject‑matter deemed to be done in relation to the whole.......................................................................................................... 25

15.......... References to acts done with licence of owner of copyright............ 26

16.......... References to partial assignment of copyright................................. 26

17.......... Statutory employment..................................................................... 26

18.......... Libraries established or conducted for profit.................................... 26

19.......... References to Copyright Act, 1911.................................................. 26

20.......... Names under which work is published............................................. 27

21.......... Reproduction and copying of works and other subject‑matter........ 27

22.......... Provisions relating to the making of a work or other subject‑matter 28

23.......... Sound recordings and records........................................................... 30

24.......... References to sounds and visual images embodied in an article........ 31

25.......... Provisions relating to broadcasting................................................... 31

27.......... Performance...................................................................................... 32

28.......... Performance of works or other subject‑matter in the course of educational instruction 33

29.......... Publication........................................................................................ 34

30.......... Ownership of copyright for particular purposes............................. 35

30A....... Commercial rental arrangement......................................................... 36

Part III—Copyright in original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works 38

Division 1—Nature, duration and ownership of copyright in works 38

31.......... Nature of copyright in original works.............................................. 38

32.......... Original works in which copyright subsists..................................... 40

33.......... Duration of copyright in original works........................................... 40

34.......... Duration of copyright in anonymous and pseudonymous works.... 41

35.......... Ownership of copyright in original works....................................... 41

Division 2—Infringement of copyright in works 44

36.......... Infringement by doing acts comprised in the copyright................... 44

37.......... Infringement by importation for sale or hire.................................... 44

38.......... Infringement by sale and other dealings............................................ 45

39.......... Infringement by permitting place of public entertainment to be used for performance of work 45

39A....... Infringing copies made on machines installed in libraries and archives 46

39B....... Communication by use of certain facilities....................................... 46

Division 3—Acts not constituting infringements of copyright in works 48

40.......... Fair dealing for purpose of research or study................................... 48

41.......... Fair dealing for purpose of criticism or review................................. 49

42.......... Fair dealing for purpose of reporting news...................................... 49

43.......... Reproduction for purpose of judicial proceedings or professional advice 50

43A....... Temporary reproductions made in the course of communication.... 50

43B....... Temporary reproductions of works as part of a technical process of use 50

44.......... Inclusion of works in collections for use by places of education..... 51

44A....... Importation etc. of books................................................................. 52

44B....... Reproduction of writing on approved label for containers for chemical product 55

44C....... Copyright subsisting in accessories etc. to imported articles........... 55

44D....... Import of non‑infringing copy of sound recording does not infringe copyright in works recorded 55

44E........ Importation and sale etc. of copies of computer programs.............. 56

44F........ Importation and sale etc. of copies of electronic literary or music items 56

Division 4—Acts not constituting infringements of copyright in literary, dramatic and musical works 58

45.......... Reading or recitation in public or for a broadcast............................. 58

46.......... Performance at premises where persons reside or sleep.................. 58

47.......... Reproduction for purpose of broadcasting....................................... 58

47AA.... Reproduction for the purpose of simulcasting................................. 60

47A....... Sound broadcasts by holders of print disability radio licences........ 60

Division 4A—Acts not constituting infringements of copyright in computer programs 64

47AB.... Meaning of computer program........................................................ 64

47B....... Reproduction for normal use or study of computer programs......... 64

47C....... Back‑up copy of computer programs.............................................. 65

47D....... Reproducing computer programs to make interoperable products.. 66

47E........ Reproducing computer programs to correct errors........................... 67

47F........ Reproducing computer programs for security testing...................... 68

47G....... Unauthorised use of copies or information...................................... 69

47H....... Agreements excluding operation of certain provisions..................... 69

Division 5—Copying of works in libraries or archives 70

48.......... Interpretation.................................................................................... 70

48A....... Copying by Parliamentary libraries for members of Parliament...... 70

49.......... Reproducing and communicating works by libraries and archives for users 70

50.......... Reproducing and communicating works by libraries or archives for other libraries or archives 74

51.......... Reproducing and communicating unpublished works in libraries or archives 78

51AA.... Reproducing and communicating works in Australian Archives...... 79

51A....... Reproducing and communicating works for preservation and other purposes 80

52.......... Publication of unpublished works kept in libraries or archives........ 82

53.......... Application of Division to illustrations accompanying articles and other works 83

Division 6—Recording of musical works 84

54.......... Interpretation.................................................................................... 84

55.......... Conditions upon which manufacturer may make records of musical work 85

57.......... Provisions relating to royalty where 2 or more works are on the one record 87

59.......... Conditions upon which manufacturer may include part of a literary or dramatic work in a record of a musical work.......................................................................................................... 87

60.......... Records made partly for retail sale and partly for gratuitous disposal 90

61.......... Making inquiries in relation to previous records.............................. 90

64.......... Sections 55 and 59 to be disregarded in determining whether an infringement has been committed by the importation of records.............................................................................................. 91

Division 7—Acts not constituting infringements of copyright in artistic works 92

65.......... Sculptures and certain other works in public places........................ 92

66.......... Buildings and models of buildings.................................................... 92

67.......... Incidental filming or televising of artistic works............................... 92

68.......... Publication of artistic works............................................................. 92

70.......... Reproduction for purpose of including work in television broadcast 93

72.......... Reproduction of part of work in later work.................................... 94

73.......... Reconstruction of buildings.............................................................. 94

Division 8—Designs 95

74.......... Corresponding design....................................................................... 95

75.......... Copyright protection where corresponding design registered.......... 95

76.......... False registration of industrial designs under the Designs Act 2003. 95

77.......... Application of artistic works as industrial designs without registration of the designs 96

77A....... Certain reproductions of an artistic work do not infringe copyright 98

Division 9—Works of joint authorship 100

78.......... References to all of joint authors.................................................... 100

79.......... References to any one or more of joint authors.............................. 100

80.......... References to whichever of joint authors died last......................... 100

81.......... Works of joint authorship published under pseudonyms.............. 100

82.......... Copyright to subsist in joint works without regard to any author who is an unqualified person 101

83.......... Inclusion of joint works in collections for use in places of education 101

Part IV—Copyright in subject‑matter other than works 102

Division 1—Preliminary 102

84.......... Definitions...................................................................................... 102

Division 2—Nature of copyright in subject‑matter other than works 104

85.......... Nature of copyright in sound recordings........................................ 104

86.......... Nature of copyright in cinematograph films................................... 104

87.......... Nature of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts 105

88.......... Nature of copyright in published editions of works...................... 105

Division 3—Subject‑matter, other than works, in which copyright subsists 106

89.......... Sound recordings in which copyright subsists............................... 106

90.......... Cinematograph films in which copyright subsists......................... 106

91.......... Television broadcasts and sound broadcasts in which copyright subsists 106

92.......... Published editions of works in which copyright subsists.............. 107

Division 4—Duration of copyright in subject‑matter other than works 108

93.......... Duration of copyright in sound recordings..................................... 108

94.......... Duration of copyright in cinematograph films............................... 108

95.......... Duration of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts 108

96.......... Duration of copyright in published editions of works................... 109

Division 5—Ownership of copyright in subject‑matter other than works 110

Subdivision A—Ownership of copyright in subject‑matter other than works 110

97.......... Ownership of copyright in sound recordings................................. 110

98.......... Ownership of copyright in cinematograph films............................ 110

99.......... Ownership of copyright in television broadcasts and sound broadcasts 111

100........ Ownership of copyright in published editions of works............... 111

Subdivision B—Specific provisions relating to the ownership of copyright in pre‑commencement sound recordings of live performances 111

100AA.. Application..................................................................................... 111

100AB.. Definitions...................................................................................... 111

100AC.. Application of sections 100AD and 100AE.................................. 112

100AD.. Makers of pre‑commencement sound recordings of live performances.. 112

100AE... Ownership of pre‑commencement copyright in sound recordings of live performances 112

100AF... Former owners may continue to do any act in relation to the copyright 113

100AG.. Actions by new owners of copyright............................................. 114

100AH.. References to the owner of the copyright in a sound recording..... 114

Division 6—Infringement of copyright in subject‑matter other than works 116

100A..... Interpretation.................................................................................. 116

101........ Infringement by doing acts comprised in copyright....................... 116

102........ Infringement by importation for sale or hire.................................. 117

103........ Infringement by sale and other dealings.......................................... 117

103A..... Fair dealing for purpose of criticism or review............................... 118

103B..... Fair dealing for purpose of reporting news.................................... 118

103C..... Fair dealing for purpose of research or study................................. 118

104........ Acts done for purposes of judicial proceeding............................... 119

104A..... Acts done by Parliamentary libraries for members of Parliament.. 119

104B..... Infringing copies made on machines installed in libraries and archives 120

105........ Copyright in certain recordings not infringed by causing recordings to be heard in public or broadcast 120

106........ Causing sound recording to be heard at guest house or club........... 121

107........ Making of a copy of the sound recording for purpose of broadcasting.. 121

108........ Copyright in published recording not infringed by public performance if equitable remuneration paid 123

109........ Copyright in published sound recording not infringed by broadcast in certain circumstances 124

110........ Provisions relating to cinematograph films.................................... 125

110A..... Copying and communicating unpublished sound recordings and cinematograph films in libraries or archives 126

110B..... Copying and communicating sound recordings and cinematograph films for preservation and other purposes 126

110C..... Making of a copy of a sound recording or cinematograph film for the purpose of simulcasting 128

111........ Filming or recording broadcasts for private and domestic use........ 129

111A..... Temporary copy made in the course of communication................ 130

111B..... Temporary copy of subject‑matter as part of a technical process of use 130

112........ Reproductions of editions of work................................................. 131

112A..... Importation and sale etc. of books................................................. 132

112B..... Reproduction of writing on approved label for containers for chemical product 135

112C..... Copyright subsisting in accessories etc. to imported articles......... 135

112D..... Import of non‑infringing copy of a sound recording does not infringe copyright in the sound recording 135

112DA.. Importation and sale etc. of copies of electronic literary or music items 136

112E...... Communication by use of certain facilities..................................... 137

Division 7—Miscellaneous 138

113........ Copyrights to subsist independently............................................. 138

113A..... Agents may act on behalf of groups of performers........................ 138

113B..... Consent to the use of a sound recording of a live performance...... 138

113C..... Use of published sound recordings when owners cannot be found etc. 139

Part V—Remedies and offences 140

Division 1—Preliminary 140

114........ Interpretation.................................................................................. 140

Division 2—Actions by owner of copyright 141

115........ Actions for infringement................................................................. 141

116........ Rights of owner of copyright in respect of infringing copies......... 142

116AAA........................................... Compensation for acquisition of property 143

Division 2AA—Limitation on remedies available against carriage service providers 145

Subdivision A—Preliminary 145

116AA.. Purpose of this Division................................................................. 145

116AB.. Definitions...................................................................................... 145

Subdivision B—Relevant activities 146

116AC.. Category A activity........................................................................ 146

116AD.. Category B activity........................................................................ 146

116AE... Category C activity........................................................................ 146

116AF... Category D activity........................................................................ 146

Subdivision C—Limitations on remedies 147

116AG.. Limitations on remedies.................................................................. 147

Subdivision D—Conditions 148

116AH.. Conditions...................................................................................... 148

116AI.... Evidence of compliance with conditions........................................ 152

Subdivision E—Regulations 152

116AJ... Regulations..................................................................................... 152

Division 2A—Actions in relation to circumvention devices and electronic rights management information 153

116A..... Importation, manufacture etc. of circumvention device and provision etc. of circumvention service 153

116B..... Removal or alteration of electronic rights management information 156

116C..... Distribution to the public etc. of works whose electronic rights management information has been removed or altered........................................................................................................ 157

116CA.. Distribution and importation of electronic rights management information that has been removed or altered 158

116CB... Exception relating to national security and law enforcement......... 159

116D..... Remedies in actions under sections 116A, 116B, 116C and 116CA 159

Division 3—Proceedings where copyright is subject to exclusive licence 160

117........ Interpretation.................................................................................. 160

118........ Application..................................................................................... 160

119........ Rights of exclusive licensee............................................................. 160

120........ Joinder of owner or exclusive licensee as a party........................... 161

121........ Defences available against exclusive licensee.................................. 161

122........ Assessment of damages where exclusive licence granted................ 161

123........ Apportionment of profits between owner and exclusive licensee.. 162

124........ Separate actions in relation to the same infringement..................... 162

125........ Liability for costs........................................................................... 163

Division 4—Proof of facts in civil actions 164

126........ Presumptions as to subsistence and ownership of copyright........ 164

126A..... Evidence in relation to subsistence of copyright............................ 164

126B..... Evidence in relation to ownership of copyright............................. 165

127........ Presumptions in relation to authorship of work............................ 166

128........ Presumptions in relation to publisher of work............................... 167

129........ Presumptions where author has died.............................................. 168

130........ Evidence in relation to recordings................................................... 169

130A..... Acts relating to imported copies of sound recordings.................... 170

130B..... Acts relating to imported copies of computer programs................ 170

130C..... Acts relating to imported copies of electronic literary or music items 170

131........ Presumption in relation to maker of film........................................ 171

Division 4A—Jurisdiction and appeals 172

131A..... Exercise of jurisdiction.................................................................... 172

131B..... Appeals.......................................................................................... 172

131C..... Jurisdiction of Federal Court of Australia...................................... 172

131D..... Jurisdiction of Federal Magistrates Court...................................... 172

Division 5—Offences and summary proceedings 173

132........ Offences.......................................................................................... 173

132A..... Presumptions in relation to subsistence and ownership of copyright 182

132B..... Evidence in relation to sound recordings........................................ 183

133........ Destruction or delivery up of infringing copies etc........................ 184

133A..... Advertisement for supply of infringing copies of works or other subject matter 185

Division 6—Miscellaneous 186

134........ Limitation of actions in respect of infringement of copyright........ 186

134A..... Affidavit evidence........................................................................... 186

Division 7—Seizure of imported copies of copyright material 188

134B..... Interpretation.................................................................................. 188

135........ Restriction of importation of copies of works etc......................... 189

135AA.. Security for expenses of seizure..................................................... 191

135AB.. Secure storage of seized copies....................................................... 191

135AC.. Notice of seizure............................................................................. 191

135AD.. Inspection, release etc. of seized copies......................................... 192

135AE... Forfeiture of seized copies by consent........................................... 193

135AF... Compulsory release of seized copies to the importer.................... 193

135AG.. Provision relating to actions for infringement of copyright............ 194

135AH.. Retention of control of seized copies............................................. 195

135AI.... Disposal of seized copies ordered to be forfeited.......................... 195

135AJ... Insufficient security........................................................................ 196

135AK.. Immunity of the Commonwealth................................................... 196

Part VAA—Broadcast decoding devices 197

Division 1—Preliminary 197

135AL... Definitions...................................................................................... 197

135AM. Counterclaim................................................................................... 198

Division 2—Action in relation to broadcast decoding devices 199

135AN.. Actions in relation to the manufacture of and dealing with broadcast decoding devices 199

135ANA............... Actions in relation to the use of broadcast decoding devices 201

Division 3—Jurisdiction and appeals 204

135AP... Exercise of jurisdiction.................................................................... 204

135AQ.. Appeals.......................................................................................... 204

135AR.. Jurisdiction of Federal Court of Australia...................................... 204

135ARA............................................ Jurisdiction of Federal Magistrates Court 204

Division 4—Offences 205

135AS... Offences.......................................................................................... 205

135AT.. Prosecutions................................................................................... 208

135AU.. Destruction etc. of devices............................................................. 208

Part VA—Copying and communication of broadcasts by educational and other institutions 209

Division 1—Preliminary 209

135A..... Interpretation.................................................................................. 209

135B..... Copies and communications of broadcasts..................................... 210

135D..... Operation of collecting society rules.............................................. 210

Division 2—Copying and communication of broadcasts 211

135E...... Copying and communication of broadcasts by educational institutions etc. 211

135F...... Making and communication of preview copies.............................. 212

135G..... Remuneration notices..................................................................... 214

135H..... Records notices............................................................................... 215

135J...... Sampling notices............................................................................. 216

135JA... Agreed notice.................................................................................. 218

135K..... Marking and record keeping requirements...................................... 220

135KA.. Notice requirements in respect of communications........................ 221

135L...... Inspection of records etc................................................................ 221

135M.... Revocation of remuneration notice................................................. 222

135N..... Request for payment of equitable remuneration............................ 223

Division 3—The collecting society 224

135P...... The collecting society..................................................................... 224

135Q..... Revocation of declaration............................................................... 225

135R..... Annual report and accounts............................................................ 225

135S...... Amendment of rules....................................................................... 226

Division 4—Interim copying 227

135T..... Appointment of notice holder........................................................ 227

135U..... Copying before declaration of collecting society............................ 227

135V..... Preview copies................................................................................ 228

135W.... Notices by administering bodies..................................................... 228

135X..... Marking and record keeping requirements...................................... 229

135Y..... Effect of declaration of collecting society....................................... 229

Division 5—Miscellaneous 230

135Z..... Relevant right holder may authorise copying etc........................... 230

135ZA.. Copyright not to vest in copier...................................................... 230

Part VB—Reproducing and communicating works etc. by educational and other institutions 231

Division 1—Preliminary 231

135ZB... Interpretation.................................................................................. 231

135ZC... Eligible items and photographic versions....................................... 232

135ZE... Part does not apply to computer programs................................... 233

135ZF... Operation of collecting society rules.............................................. 233

135ZFA Licensed communications............................................................... 233

Division 2—Reproduction by educational institutions of works that are in hardcopy form 234

135ZGA........................................................................ Application of Division 234

135ZG.. Multiple reproduction of insubstantial parts of works that are in hardcopy form 234

135ZH.. Copying of printed published editions by educational institutions 235

135ZJ.... Multiple reproduction of printed periodical articles by educational institutions 235

135ZK.. Multiple reproduction of works published in printed anthologies 236

135ZL... Multiple reproduction of works that are in hardcopy form by educational institutions 236

135ZM. Application of Division to certain illustrations that are in hardcopy form 237

Division 2A—Reproduction and communication of works that are in electronic form 239

135ZMA....................................................................... Application of Division 239

135ZMB Multiple reproduction and communication of insubstantial parts of works that are in electronic form 239

135ZMC Multiple reproduction and communication of periodical articles that are in electronic form by education institutions........................................................................................................ 240

135ZMD Multiple reproduction and communication of works that are in electronic form by educational institutions 241

135ZME....... Application of Division to certain illustrations in electronic form 242

Division 3—Reproduction and communication of works by institutions assisting persons with a print disability 244

135ZN.. Copying published editions by institutions assisting persons with a print disability 244

135ZP... Multiple reproduction and communication of works by institutions assisting persons with a print disability 244

135ZQ.. Making of relevant reproductions and relevant communications by institutions assisting persons with a print disability........................................................................................................ 246

Division 4—Reproduction and communication of works etc. by institutions assisting persons with an intellectual disability 249

135ZR... Copying of published editions by institutions assisting persons with an intellectual disability 249

135ZS... Copying and communication of eligible items by institutions assisting persons with an intellectual disability 249

135ZT... Making of copies etc. for use in making copies or communications for a person with an intellectual disability 250

Division 5—Equitable remuneration 252

135ZU.. Remuneration notices..................................................................... 252

135ZV... Records notices............................................................................... 252

135ZW.. Sampling notices............................................................................. 253

135ZWA........................................................................... Electronic use notices 254

135ZX.. Records notices and sampling notices: marking and record‑keeping requirements 256

135ZXA.................................... Electronic use notices: notice requirements etc. 257

135ZY... Inspection of records etc................................................................ 257

135ZZ... Revocation of remuneration notice................................................. 258

135ZZA Request for payment of equitable remuneration............................ 258

Division 6—Collecting societies 260

135ZZB Collecting societies......................................................................... 260

135ZZC Revocation of declaration............................................................... 261

135ZZD Annual report and accounts............................................................ 261

135ZZE Amendment of rules....................................................................... 262

Division 7—Miscellaneous 263

135ZZF Rights of copyright owners............................................................ 263

135ZZG Copyright not to vest in copier...................................................... 263

135ZZH Unauthorised use of copies............................................................ 264

Part VC—Retransmission of free‑to‑air broadcasts 265

Division 1—Preliminary 265

135ZZI. Definitions...................................................................................... 265

135ZZJ. Operation of collecting society rules.............................................. 266

135ZZJAApplication of Part........................................................................ 266

Division 2—Retransmission of free‑to‑air broadcasts 267

135ZZK Retransmission of free‑to‑air broadcasts........................................ 267

135ZZL Remuneration notices..................................................................... 267

135ZZM....................................................... Amount of equitable remuneration